The Papper of Tourism

INTRODUCTION

1.1         Background of the study

Tourism is the act of travel for predominantly recreational or leisure purposes, and also refers to the provision of services in support of this act. According to the World Tourism Organization, tourists are people who "travel to and stay in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes not related to the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited".

Tourism, however long its incident duration, has become an extremely popular, global activity. In 2004, there were over 763 million international tourist arrivals

As a service industry, tourism has numerous tangible and intangible elements. Major tangible elements include transportation, accommodation, and other components of a hospitality industry. Major intangible elements relate to the purpose or motivation for becoming a tourist, such as rest, relaxation, the opportunity to meet new people and experience other cultures, or simply to do something different and have an adventure.

Tourism is vital for many countries, due to the income generated by the consumption of goods and services by tourists, the taxes levied on businesses in the tourism industry, and the opportunity for employment and economic advancement by working in the industry. For these reasons NGOs and government agencies may sometimes promote a specific region as a tourist destination, and support the development of a tourism industry in that area. The contemporary phenomenon of mass tourism may sometimes result in overdevelopment, however alternative forms of tourism such as ecotourism seek to avoid such outcomes by pursuing tourism in a sustainable way.

The terms tourism and travel are sometimes used interchangeably. In this context travel has a similar definition to tourism, but implies a more purposeful journey. The terms tourism and tourist are sometimes used pejoratively to imply a shallow interest in the cultures or locations visited by tourist

2.1    Definition of Tourism

          Tourism defined as “ the activities of persons traveling  to and staying in place outside their usual enviroment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purpose.

Tourism can be devided by four category :

1.      International Tourism.

Inbound tourism : visits to a country by nonresidents.

Outbond tourism : visits by residents of a country to another country.

2.      Internal Tourism.

Visits by resident and non residents of the country of reference.

3.      Domestic Tourism.

Visits by residents of a country to their own country.

4.      National Tourism.

Internal tourism plus outbond tourism.

2.1.1 Form of Tourism

            Tourism can be devided by five category :

1.      Leisure / Holiday Tourism.

The destinations for relaxation tourism can be attractive scenery or sun, sea and sand. Examples of these tourist destinations are the coasts, beaches, countryside and mountainous regions.

Sightseeing tourism includes the tourists who may travel around sightseeing and staying in different places. The main reasons for sightseeing tourism are a desire for self-education and for self-esteem. This kind of tourists take a lot of photographs. Urban centers are their common destinations, for example, Bangkok, Taipei, Seoul, etc.

2.      Business Tourism.

 The business travelers may travel for various purposes, for example, trade, meeting, convention and

exhibition. Business people buy similar products as do other tourists. They would also spend money on entertainment and recreation while they are at their destinations.

3.      Cultural Tourism.

Cultural tourism is related to the transmission of knowledge and ideas of the destination area or host

community.

As tourists are curious about different kinds of experiences and cultures in various parts of the world, they travel to learn and experience the culture of a tourist destination. This becomes the prime motivational force for their travel. This kind of tourist likes to visit museums and attend musical, theatrical or folklore performances.

4.      Eco-tourism.

Tourists of this kind enjoy traveling to natural areas. They will minimize their impact on the environment as well as protect the natural resources during their travel. Therefore, eco-tourism is characterized as a force for conservation and preservation of nature.

2.2  Advantages and disadvantages of Tourism in Indonesia

      Excess which is owned by Indonesia's tourism is a diverse natural beauty. for example: Dreamland beach in Bali is very popular with foreign tourists. White sand stretches very wide. Large coral reefs and beautify this beach. Dreamland beach is a white sand beach in Bali is very beautiful and exotic.

Disadvantages of tourism Indonesia is described as a country or region trhat isn’t secure, the erratic fluctuations of political imagery. The second weakness is the tourism marketing and promotional elements in Indonesia is weak because it is stuck with the bureaucracy that limits the motion. Bureaucratic culture Indonesia difficult to change and grow to bring program an international missiom that dynamic with the challenge the complex.

CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

3.1    Conclusions.

            Tourism is a very profitable assets for a region or Country, which is an industry that does not cause pollution, but has a very advance the foreign exchange inflow to the economy or to people's income in a region or country. Many countries are building on their beauty as well as the uniqueness of culture belonging to the cultural attractions that can be promoted to sell to tourists that di is one of the efforts to develop and preserve the natural beauty and cultural diversity that is owned by a region or country.

3.2    Suggestions.

          We Should be more often promote tourism places in indonesia to local and international tourists know will beauty of this nature, culture in indonesia.

There are several ways to promoting tourism in indonesia:

1.      Proud of indonesia tourism.

It is impossible for promoting tourism indonesia if we are not proud to him proud means to know and recognize mean that we are prepared to answer questions if a when we asked about excess indonesia tourism by a different countries.

2.      Following the festival of culture international scale.The goal is to introduce indonesian culture to the international arena.

3.      Promotion through online media.

Technology allows us to communicate with others in different locations.

Resource

·        Jawapos.

·        Wikibooks.org

·        www.edb.gov.hk